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Hubble tension

CC-BY-4.0vfr_9caed35d1222c706

id: vfr_9caed35d1222c706
license: CC-BY-4.0
findings: 131
accepted core: 12
contested: 3

131

findings

links

127

sources

131

evidence

contested

0.83

avg conf

frontiers / frontier

Hubble tension

CC-BY-4.0vfr_9caed35d1222c706

id: vfr_9caed35d1222c706
license: CC-BY-4.0
findings: 131
accepted core: 12
contested: 3

131

findings

links

127

sources

131

evidence

contested

0.83

avg conf

Source record

back to sources

Planck 2018 results VI: Cosmological parameters

id: vs_a755da4382740622
frontier: Hubble tension
type: paper

source boundary

frontier-owned

declared

A source record is provenance. It supports a finding only through evidence atoms, extraction spans, and reviewed finding bundles.

finding bindings

record context

4 findings

Findings bound to this source through source ids, evidence atoms, provenance, or reviewed source-record slots.

evidence atoms

materialized

4 atoms

Evidence atoms pin exact spans, measurements, selectors, or curation assertions to the source.

review context

inspectable

6 events

6 reviewable changes and 0 evaluations are attached through this source or its findings.

Locator and citation

external source

locator

title:Planck 2018 results VI: Cosmological parameters

imported

2026-05-29T02:16:29.859237+00:00

extraction mode

manual_curation

authors

reviewer:will-blair

Caveats

No source-specific caveats are recorded.

Bound findings

Planck 2018 measures the comoving sound horizon rs at the baryon drag epoch to rs = 147.09 ± 0.26 Mpc within the standard ΛCDM model.
observational · vf_36b3472c1aef0fc0
The angular acoustic scale θ* is measured by Planck to 0.03% precision (100θ* = 1.0411 ± 0.0003), making it among the most precisely constrained cosmological parameters.
observational · vf_618d22465d28f3d2
Planck constrains the reionization optical depth to τ = 0.059 ± 0.006 (68% C.L.), which affects the CMB damping tail amplitude and introduces a small degeneracy with changes in the sound horizon scale.
observational · vf_5b21ad388ff6abbb
The recombination redshift z_rec ≈ 1100 and the baryon drag epoch z_drag ≈ 1000 define the epoch over which the photon-baryon sound speed and expansion rate determine the final sound horizon to 0.2% precision.
observational · vf_c1426e2164fa48d8

Evidence atoms

vea_1e285e435d0cbbe1theoretical · unknown
The recombination redshift z_rec ≈ 1100 and the baryon drag epoch z_drag ≈ 1000 define the epoch over which the photon-baryon sound speed and expansion rate determine the final sound horizon to 0.2% precision.
vea_707bd809b3fe7a73theoretical · unknown
The angular acoustic scale θ* is measured by Planck to 0.03% precision (100θ* = 1.0411 ± 0.0003), making it among the most precisely constrained cosmological parameters.
vea_cbc5afa903a66795theoretical · unknown
Planck constrains the reionization optical depth to τ = 0.059 ± 0.006 (68% C.L.), which affects the CMB damping tail amplitude and introduces a small degeneracy with changes in the sound horizon scale.
vea_f689bb715450b372theoretical · unknown
Planck 2018 measures the comoving sound horizon rs at the baryon drag epoch to rs = 147.09 ± 0.26 Mpc within the standard ΛCDM model.

Review, event, and evaluation records

events

vev_2348364720838100finding.asserted
Manual finding added to frontier state
reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29
vev_5517f343567cfbbafinding.asserted
Manual finding added to frontier state
reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29
vev_0d9edc079ea00446finding.asserted
Manual finding added to frontier state
reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29
vev_4062eb52cd64518bfinding.asserted
Manual finding added to frontier state
reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29
vev_4413f2d5b07ca8a4finding.caveated
Verifier caution: Finding attributes τ = 0.059 ± 0.006 to 'Planck 2018 results VI' but official Planck 2018 legacy release gives τ = 0.054 ± 0.007. The 0.059 value is from a 2020 post-hoc refined analysis (Paoletti et al., arXiv:1908.09856) of Planck 2018 HFI data with improved systematics treatme
reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29
vev_770d6c2802c4a6a1finding.caveated
Verifier caution: Planck 2018 (1807.06209) gives z_rec ≈ 1090, z_drag ≈ 1060, not the round values 1100 and 1000. More critically, the claim of '0.2% precision' on sound horizon is unsupported—Planck 2018 reports 0.03% precision on angular acoustic scale θ_*, which does not directly translate to 0
reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29

reviewable changes

vpr_0c49d04c0cef80adfinding.add
Manual finding added to frontier state
applied · reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29
vpr_860b937932a7ef32finding.add
Manual finding added to frontier state
applied · reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29
vpr_ca654616ffc6aad7finding.add
Manual finding added to frontier state
applied · reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29
vpr_deb5dce90e33da8ffinding.add
Manual finding added to frontier state
applied · reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29
vpr_c2a980c545e9c136finding.caveat
Verifier caution: Finding attributes τ = 0.059 ± 0.006 to 'Planck 2018 results VI' but official Planck 2018 legacy release gives τ = 0.054 ± 0.007. The 0.059 value is from a 2020 post-hoc refined analysis (Paoletti et al., arXiv:1908.09856) of Planck 2018 HFI data with improved systematics treatme
applied · reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29
vpr_8ecfb3991d02c480finding.caveat
Verifier caution: Planck 2018 (1807.06209) gives z_rec ≈ 1090, z_drag ≈ 1060, not the round values 1100 and 1000. More critically, the claim of '0.2% precision' on sound horizon is unsupported—Planck 2018 reports 0.03% precision on angular acoustic scale θ_*, which does not directly translate to 0
applied · reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29

evaluations

No evaluation rows are attached.

Source record

back to sources

Planck 2018 results VI: Cosmological parameters

id: vs_a755da4382740622
frontier: Hubble tension
type: paper

source boundary

frontier-owned

declared

A source record is provenance. It supports a finding only through evidence atoms, extraction spans, and reviewed finding bundles.

finding bindings

record context

4 findings

Findings bound to this source through source ids, evidence atoms, provenance, or reviewed source-record slots.

evidence atoms

materialized

4 atoms

Evidence atoms pin exact spans, measurements, selectors, or curation assertions to the source.

review context

inspectable

6 events

6 reviewable changes and 0 evaluations are attached through this source or its findings.

Locator and citation

external source

locator

title:Planck 2018 results VI: Cosmological parameters

imported

2026-05-29T02:16:29.859237+00:00

extraction mode

manual_curation

authors

reviewer:will-blair

Caveats

No source-specific caveats are recorded.

Bound findings

Planck 2018 measures the comoving sound horizon rs at the baryon drag epoch to rs = 147.09 ± 0.26 Mpc within the standard ΛCDM model.
observational · vf_36b3472c1aef0fc0
The angular acoustic scale θ* is measured by Planck to 0.03% precision (100θ* = 1.0411 ± 0.0003), making it among the most precisely constrained cosmological parameters.
observational · vf_618d22465d28f3d2
Planck constrains the reionization optical depth to τ = 0.059 ± 0.006 (68% C.L.), which affects the CMB damping tail amplitude and introduces a small degeneracy with changes in the sound horizon scale.
observational · vf_5b21ad388ff6abbb
The recombination redshift z_rec ≈ 1100 and the baryon drag epoch z_drag ≈ 1000 define the epoch over which the photon-baryon sound speed and expansion rate determine the final sound horizon to 0.2% precision.
observational · vf_c1426e2164fa48d8

Evidence atoms

vea_1e285e435d0cbbe1theoretical · unknown
The recombination redshift z_rec ≈ 1100 and the baryon drag epoch z_drag ≈ 1000 define the epoch over which the photon-baryon sound speed and expansion rate determine the final sound horizon to 0.2% precision.
vea_707bd809b3fe7a73theoretical · unknown
The angular acoustic scale θ* is measured by Planck to 0.03% precision (100θ* = 1.0411 ± 0.0003), making it among the most precisely constrained cosmological parameters.
vea_cbc5afa903a66795theoretical · unknown
Planck constrains the reionization optical depth to τ = 0.059 ± 0.006 (68% C.L.), which affects the CMB damping tail amplitude and introduces a small degeneracy with changes in the sound horizon scale.
vea_f689bb715450b372theoretical · unknown
Planck 2018 measures the comoving sound horizon rs at the baryon drag epoch to rs = 147.09 ± 0.26 Mpc within the standard ΛCDM model.

Review, event, and evaluation records

events

vev_2348364720838100finding.asserted
Manual finding added to frontier state
reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29
vev_5517f343567cfbbafinding.asserted
Manual finding added to frontier state
reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29
vev_0d9edc079ea00446finding.asserted
Manual finding added to frontier state
reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29
vev_4062eb52cd64518bfinding.asserted
Manual finding added to frontier state
reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29
vev_4413f2d5b07ca8a4finding.caveated
Verifier caution: Finding attributes τ = 0.059 ± 0.006 to 'Planck 2018 results VI' but official Planck 2018 legacy release gives τ = 0.054 ± 0.007. The 0.059 value is from a 2020 post-hoc refined analysis (Paoletti et al., arXiv:1908.09856) of Planck 2018 HFI data with improved systematics treatme
reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29
vev_770d6c2802c4a6a1finding.caveated
Verifier caution: Planck 2018 (1807.06209) gives z_rec ≈ 1090, z_drag ≈ 1060, not the round values 1100 and 1000. More critically, the claim of '0.2% precision' on sound horizon is unsupported—Planck 2018 reports 0.03% precision on angular acoustic scale θ_*, which does not directly translate to 0
reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29

reviewable changes

vpr_0c49d04c0cef80adfinding.add
Manual finding added to frontier state
applied · reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29
vpr_860b937932a7ef32finding.add
Manual finding added to frontier state
applied · reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29
vpr_ca654616ffc6aad7finding.add
Manual finding added to frontier state
applied · reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29
vpr_deb5dce90e33da8ffinding.add
Manual finding added to frontier state
applied · reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29
vpr_c2a980c545e9c136finding.caveat
Verifier caution: Finding attributes τ = 0.059 ± 0.006 to 'Planck 2018 results VI' but official Planck 2018 legacy release gives τ = 0.054 ± 0.007. The 0.059 value is from a 2020 post-hoc refined analysis (Paoletti et al., arXiv:1908.09856) of Planck 2018 HFI data with improved systematics treatme
applied · reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29
vpr_8ecfb3991d02c480finding.caveat
Verifier caution: Planck 2018 (1807.06209) gives z_rec ≈ 1090, z_drag ≈ 1060, not the round values 1100 and 1000. More critically, the claim of '0.2% precision' on sound horizon is unsupported—Planck 2018 reports 0.03% precision on angular acoustic scale θ_*, which does not directly translate to 0
applied · reviewer:will-blair · 2026-05-29

evaluations

No evaluation rows are attached.

Search Canopus

declared

4 findings

4 atoms

6 events

Bound findings

Evidence atoms

Review, event, and evaluation records

declared

4 findings

4 atoms

6 events

Bound findings

Evidence atoms

Review, event, and evaluation records